ANTH-101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Food Security, Trobriand Islands, Crop Diversity
Document Summary
Foraging (food collection): wild plants and animals: hunting and gathering, nomadic, diet reflects environment. Horticulture (food production): grow crops using relatively simple hand tools and methods, leave plots fallow, extensive agriculture. Intensive agriculture (food production: cultivate fields permanently, irrigation, terracing and draft animals (plow) Pastoralism (food production: herds of domesticated animals, nomadic or semi-nomadic. Affluence: having more than enough than whatever is required to satisfy consumption needs: two ways to create affluence: Foragers live in societies whose institutions do not reward greed (marshal sahlins 1972: therefore, foragers cannot be considered poor even though their material standard of living is low by western measures. Tend to be larger, stratified populations in cities or towns with craft specialization and complex political organization: tend to work longer hours. More likely to have famine or food shortages: producing for the market. E. g. cultivating for high yield rather than drought resistance.
