SOCI-100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Economic System, Pol Pot, Pastoralism
20 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
CHAPTER 14: WORK AND THE POLITICAL
ECONOMY
Objectives
à
learn key concepts/ideas
à
review history of human economies
à
Canadian economy
à
types of employment
à
economic systems and political systems
à
understand how types of authority work
à
critical thinking
economy
social arrangements that organize the production,
distribution, and consumption of goods
•
How environment is exploited influences society as a whole
and inter personal relationships
Human Economies
changing nature of……
hunting and gathering
99% of human history (50,000 yrs)
Lightly exploit food resources for immediate
consumption
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All healthy people participate
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Small mobile groups
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•
Chapter 14
Friday, March 17, 2017
1:03 PM
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Small mobile groups
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System of cooperation
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Few tools
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horticulturalism
approx 12,000 yrs ago
Domestication of some animals and plants
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Production of surplus
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Stay in one area for longer periods
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Specialization: tool development
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Inequality emerges
Leadership
§
Religious specialists
§
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•
pastoralism
same time frame
Tending herds of animals esp. asia/africa
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Usually nomadic
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Surplus
Specialists exist here also
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Some families wealthier than others
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Inequality emerges
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agriculture
approx 6,000 years ago (Iraq)
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Invention of plows
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Egypt
Dramatic increase in food production/population
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Over time, large cities emerge
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Huge surpluses
•
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Huge surpluses
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Don’t have to work all the time
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Some education
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Skilled labour
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Social stratification -> inequality
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industrialization
over 200 yrs ago
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Use of non animate energy sources (e.g. coal, steam,
etc)
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Transformed human society
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5 key changes due to industrialization
i. new sources of power
new inventions e.g. steam power
More powerful than humans and animals
○
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ii. centralization of work
shift form rural to urban regions
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iii. mass production
shift form local, individually made goods to mass
production for wider distribution
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iv.specialization
people worked on specific component stages of mass
production
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Skill level declined
•
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Critical thinking economy social arrangements that organize the production, distribution, and consumption of goods. How environment is exploited influences society as a whole and inter personal relationships. Human economies changing nature of hunting and gathering. Inequality emerges agriculture approx 6,000 years ago (iraq) Social stratification -> inequality industrialization over 200 yrs ago. Use of non animate energy sources (e. g. coal, steam, etc) 5 key changes due to industrialization: new sources of power new inventions e. g. steam power. Skill level declined: wage labour poor rates of pay from uncaring factory owners exploitation post-industrialization late 1960"s on. Economic systems based on knowledge-based activities and the service sector. Work in canada: primary sector jobs dedicated to exploiting raw materials. Jobs that transform raw materials into consumer goods. E. g. cars, furniture tertiary sector jobs that provide services. Shift from dominance of primary sector and importance of secondary sector, to dominance of tertiary (>75% today)
