BIOL 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Keratin, Ectotherm, Thermostat
5 Jul 2018
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BIOL 111: BIRDS
Thermoregulation – allows them to occupy extreme environments
How to get into the air?
Feathers, better lungs, lighter bones
*the first vertebrate group to get into the air*
Birds are descendants of Reptiles, dinosaurs share the same group
The ancestor to birds was a theropod dinosaurs, birds are dinosaurs because;
-Bipedal
-3 high toes
-Carnivorous
-4 chambered heart
-Similar lungs (to each other)
-Feathered
-Hollow bones (structure of fossils)
-Parental care of eggs and juvenile (not as exclusive as the other traits)
Archaeopteryx “ancient wing” (applicable to birds hundreds of years ago):
-Crow sized
-Berlin natural history museum
-Feathers, wings – avian characteristics
-Teeth, bony tail – non-avian characteristics
Birds (Aves)
-9600 sp.
-Amniotes
-Endothermic (producing their own body heat)
-4 chambered heart (system & pulmonary system)
-Feathers
-Most fly (several have lost their flight abilities over the past hundred years)
-Diverse beaks, (diverse diets – carnivores, herbivores, nectivores)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Thermoregulation allows them to occupy extreme environments. *the first vertebrate group to get into the air* Birds are descendants of reptiles, dinosaurs share the same group. The ancestor to birds was a theropod dinosaurs, birds are dinosaurs because; Parental care of eggs and juvenile (not as exclusive as the other traits) Archaeopteryx ancient wing (applicable to birds hundreds of years ago): Most fly (several have lost their flight abilities over the past hundred years) Diverse beaks, (diverse diets carnivores, herbivores, nectivores) Diversity of the beaks; alternative to teeth in other organisms. The way their beak works and how they forge their food. Endotherms: generate their own internal heath through metabolic processes. Less efficient at transforming energy (e. g. lose energy as heat when converting food into atp) Metabolic rate goes down during the time that they are hibernating, their internal body heat decreases (heterotherm) Homeotherm: relative temperature that is constant over time.
