BIOL 115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Tumor Suppressor Gene, Cystic Fibrosis, Homologous Chromosome
28 Oct 2016
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Dna replication: strands of dna must be separated. Dna: h; thymine (t) with h3c; double strand. Rna: oh; uracil (u) without h3c; single strand. Dna transcript to mrna; mrna translate to protein trna anticodon reads codon in mrna. Interphase is divided into 3 phases (cell cycle): Humans have 46 chromosomes: 44 autosomes (22 pairs) ad two sex chromosomes (1 pair). Cancer is a disease resulting from unregulated cell division. Unregulated division leads to the formation of a tumor (cell mass). A tumor is malignant if it begins to invade nearby tissues. A tumor becomes metastatic if cells can break away from the original mass and start new tumors in other tissue. A second type of gene implicated in cancer: proto-oncogenes, when it switched on by mutation, there is a loss of control over cell division. Brca 1 gene is a tumor suppressor gene. Within gonads are specialized cells, germ cells that differentiate into gametes.
