CHEM 181 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Monounsaturated Fat, Ldl Receptor, Cholesterol
19 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Video 1
Intervention studies: intervene with one group and not another
and see what the results are
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Can treat people with statins, but they are very expensive
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Cholesterol tests
Mmol/L = mg/dL x 0.026
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Triglycerides
Mmol/L = mg/dL x 0.0113
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Total cholesterol
Less than 200 (5.2) = desirable
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200-239 (5.2-6.2) = borderline
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More than 240 (6.2) = 6.2 high
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HDL
Less than 40 (1.0) = 1 undesirable
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More than 60 (1.56) = 1.56 desirable
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Triglycerides
Should not be above 400 or below 200
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LDL = total-HDL-triglycerides/5
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Video 2
Dietary fats affect LDL receptor activity
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When people want to reduce their blood cholesterol they look
at their diet and want to take out certain foods
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Activity 3
Which type of fat does not affect cholesterol levels and is
considered to be biochemically neutral? Monounsaturated fat
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Which class of fats do omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids belong
to? Polyunsaturated fat
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Which of the following statements best summarize the benefits
of following a low fat/low cholesterol diet? It is not necessarily
bad but there is little scientific evidence for the beneficial
effects with respect to reducing heart disease
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Video 3
Linoleic acid stimulates inflammation
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Omega-3 fats are anti-inflammatory
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Activity 4
The Sidney Study concluded that the more linoleic acid
consumed, the high risk for heart disease. What message about
replacing saturated with polyunsaturated fats can be drawn
from these results? The type of polyunsaturated fat you choose
can make a difference
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Identify the oils that have a good omega-3 to omega-6 ratio:
canola oil, walnut oil and flaxseed oil
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Video 4
Nuts can lower cholesterol
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Need to eat a lot of this stuff to have any effect
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Beta glucan has been shown to lower cholesterol, but you need
to eat a significant amount of it
Oat bran hot cereal - 1 cup, oatmeal 1.5 cups, cheerios 5
servings
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Bile acids break down fat, but they make bile acids with
cholesterol
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Dr. Dean Ornish diet shows there was a reduction of blood
cholesterol levels , but it was the overall program that was
beneficial
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Low fat diets that are high in carbs can reduce HDL especially if
too many high glycemic index foods are eaten
GI is blood glucose level in response to food
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Carb consumption reduces fatty acids being used as fuel so
triglycerides increase, at the same time HDL decreases and this
leads to an increase in small particle LDL
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Swedish government suggested a low carb high fat diet
Reduce intake of carb rich foods and sugar
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Stay away from refined carbs like sugar
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Activity 5
Which of the following statements best describes what the
Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessment
recommended after conducting a meta-analysis that reviewed
over 16,000 studies? Move to a low carb, high fat diet and
reduce sugars
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What are the disadvantages of simply replacing saturated fats
with carbs? HDL levels could decrease, small particle LDL could
increase, triglyceride levels could increase
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Video 5
Meat should be based on fish, maybe poultry and minimized
red meat and minimize processed meat
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Should not consume a lot of dairy
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Harvard plate puts thing into proper perspective
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Lecture 9 -Topic 3
Tuesday, April 3, 2018
9:10 PM
11
CHEM 181 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
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Document Summary
Intervention studies: intervene with one group and not another and see what the results are. Can treat people with statins, but they are very expensive. Should not be above 400 or below 200. When people want to reduce their blood cholesterol they look at their diet and want to take out certain foods. It is not necessarily bad but there is little scientific evidence for the beneficial bad but there is little scientific evidence for the beneficial effects with respect to reducing heart disease. The sidney study concluded that the more linoleic acid consumed, the high risk for heart disease. The type of polyunsaturated fat you choose can make a difference. Identify the oils that have a good omega-3 to omega-6 ratio: canola oil, walnut oil and flaxseed oil. Need to eat a lot of this stuff to have any effect. Beta glucan has been shown to lower cholesterol, but you need to eat a significant amount of it.
