ANAT 261 Lecture Notes - Type I Collagen

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peachdeer29

15 Mar 2012

School

McGill University

Department

Anatomy & Cell Biology

Course

ANAT 261

Professor

Jason Young

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Document Summary

Two types of bone: trabecular (or spongy or cancellous) bone, woven (immature, disorganized fibres, where: ends of long bones, craniofacial bones, immature bone, thin bones, compact bone, lamellar (mature, organized fibres, where: shafts of long bones. Extracellular matrix is predominantly collagen type i. Endosteum: a single layer of osteoblasts and osteoprogenitor cells that line the marrow cavity inner circumferential system. Periosteum ct sheath that surrounds bone: made of two layers: Allows long bones to grow in length. At the junction of epiphysis (end) and diaphysis (shaft) from outside to inside: secondary ossification center of endochondral ossification, zone of resting cartilage. Hyaline cartilage with chondrocytes and isogenic groups: zone of proliferation rapidly dividing chondrocytes (interstitial growth) Cells look like a stack of coins: zone of hypertrophy. Cartilage ecm begins to calcify (ecm appears to fade: zone of cell death. Empty lacuna: zone of mixed spicules. Osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts can all be spotted.

Related Questions

In bones, a layer of osteoblasts and osteoclasts line the interior of the bone (this cellular layer covers all trabeculae, is adjacent to the medullary cavity and lines the inside of osteons). This layer is called the endosteum. What is its role in bone?

A. The endosteum can add or remove bone from the inside of bones, remodeling them.

B. The endosteum can add or remove cartilage from the inside of bones, replacing bone with cartilage.

C. The endosteum is an epithelial layer that protects the inside of bones and regulates transportation of nutrients to bones.

D. The endosteum has collagen fibers that anchor attaching muscles.

ambermoose899

1. Which of the following regions of bone would not undergo bone remodeling as frequently as the other regions?

spongy bone

compact bone

bone subjected to new stresses

damaged bone

all of these have similar rates of remodeling

2. Which is the proper sequence of steps in the healing of a fracture (the steps are listed below but are not in the correct sequence of events):
1 osteoblasts form trabecular bone that joins together the fractured ends of the bone and bony callus replaces fibrocartilage callus
2 bone remodeling occurs and compact bone replaces the spongy bone around the periphery of the fracture site
3 fibroblasts and chondrocytes from the periosteum form the fibrocartilage callus
4 a fracture hematoma forms and bone cells in the region of the fracture die
5 phagocytes and osteoclasts begin to remove the dead cells and damaged tissue around the hematoma

1- Cancers are more common in tissues with high rates of celldivision. Based on this information, which of the following tissueswould be most likely to deveolp cancerous tumors.

Skeletal muscle

Cardiac muscle

Neural tissue

Skin epithelium

Use this information to help answer the following question:

When the suffix -clast is present, it refers to a cell thatdestroys - for example, a chondroclast is a cell that destroyscartilage. When the suffix -blast is present, it refers to a cellthat builds - for example, a chondroblast is a cell that buildscartilage.

Now answer:

In the normal 30 year old skeleton, osteoclast activity ismatched by osteoblast activity. What would happen if osteoclastactivity was greater than osteoblast activity?

The bones would become stronger

There would be no effect on the skeleton

The bones would become weaker

During transcription, the small and large ribosomal subunitscombine to read the mRNA strand and synthesize an polypeptide(amino acid chain).

True

False

Neurons are specialized for communication. They are capable ofsending electrical signals due to the presence of many ion channelsand pumps on the cell membrane that they constantly maintain orreplace as needed. Which of the following would be NOT consistentwith this information?

Neurons have a high ATP demand

Neurons are very permeable to certain ions

Neurons are anucleate (they do not have nuclei)

Neurons have many rough ER

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ANAT 261 Lecture Notes - Type I Collagen

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