BIOL 304 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Ribosomal Rna, Olfactory Receptor, Limb Development

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Phylogeny of life: phenotypes are moulded by our environments not heritable, examples: new technologies, genetic evolution = heritable, we can model phylogeny of life using genotypes but not phenotypes. Genome size: not correlated with complexity (at this level once we get past a minimum genome size) Some amphibians have >20 times more dna than mammals. Lungfish have almost 10x the genome size than we do very large cell size. Anatomy of a gene: exons (coding), introns (non-coding, promoters and repressors (regulatory elements) -> forms enhanceosome. Todays lecture reference evolution by gene duplication: an update jianzhi zhang. Phylogeny of animalia: punctuations that have happened throughout eukaryotic evolution goes from minor adaptations to rapid change (major radiations, any major branch on the tree of animals is a major radiation. Gene duplication mechanisms: unequal (recombination) crossing over. Leads to differential replication across the genome. Ca(cid:374) dupli(cid:272)atio(cid:374) parts of the ge(cid:374)o(cid:373)e if the(cid:455)"re fu(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374)al. Leads to new genetic compositions or complete duplication events: retrotransposition.

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