GEOG 217 Lecture 15: Lecture 15 – February 26th
18 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Lecture 15 – February 26th
International Development Aid & Effectiveness
• International aid – also called international assistance, foreign aid, and lots of
other things
o Financial aid given by governments, NGOs, and other agencies to support
economic, environmental, social, and political development
o It can include:
▪ Humanitarian aid (short term response to a disaster)
▪ Bilateral development aid (government – government)
▪ Multilateral development aid (government → multilateral institution
→ government)
▪ Debt forgiveness
• Do we need to provide foreign aid?
o That is, is there a moral imperative to help other populations?
• Where does aid come from, where does it go?
o Aid flows
o From the US - $120 billion USD
• How much of a country’s GNI is enough?
o The UN recommends at least 0.7% of GNI
o Only these countries achieve that:
▪ Sweden (1.12% of GNI)
▪ Norway (1.06% of GNI)
▪ Luxembourg (1.04% of GNI)
▪ Denmark (0.88% of GNI)
▪ Netherlands (0.82% of GNI)
o How does Canada do? Canada’s development spending:
▪ Total CAD $3.75 billion in 2014
▪ 2.5% of total 2012 budget
▪ 0.32% of Gross National Income
What does Aid Do? What are the Major Types of Aid?
• Types of aid
o A. Bilateral aid
▪ Government-to-government aid
• Humanitarian assistance, especially with trade partners and
political allies
• Aim to address development needs, but often tied to at-home
interests
• Global markets action plan
• US AID
o B. Multilateral aid
▪ The World Bank
▪ Asian Development Bank
▪ Inter-American Development Bank
▪ Why are these important?
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
