MIMM 211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Human Microbiota, Dysbiosis, Probiotic
13 Dec 2018
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Whole-body effects and manipulating the microbiome for health. Correlation between altered microbiota and ibd, malnutrition, stunting, liver disease, colon cancer, allergies, asthma, chronic inflammation, depression etc. We have direct interactions between the microbial cells and the immune system: they help train the immune system. Whenever there is a major perturbation in the environment or some type of disease emerges, there is typically a decrease in diversity of the gut microbiota. This can lead to growth of pathobionts or the expansion of bacterial species which promote inflammation. Bi-directional communication between the gut and the brain: not unidirectional! Blood brain barrier is a highly selective, semi-permeable barrier of cells restricting access of molecules from blood to the brain. Immune cells and cytokines which cross the bbb can regulate neurological functions including the hpa (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis) Under conditions of dysbiosis, the intestinal cells are not as impermeable as they are in the healthy state.
