MIMM 214 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Lymph Node, Natural Killer Cell, Natalizumab
7 Jun 2018
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Lecture 36 – April 5, 2017
- Organ specific and systemic autoimmune diseases
- Must be breakdown of tolerance and triggering of an immune response
- Genetic and environmental components
- Therapeutic agents to treat autoimmune disorders involve targeting/modulating the immune
system
Multiple Sclerosis
- Chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system
- Destructions of myelin sheath around neurons → lesions can be seen by MRI
- Range of symptoms: pain, fatigue, tingling, impaired gait, vision problems, bladder problems,
dizziness, cognitive and mood problems
- Most common form: relapsing-remitting MS
- Destruction of myelin sheaths in brain, can appear before any symptoms
- In the most common type, you can have varying degrees of symptoms
o Relapses are often correlated with new brain lesions
MS and the immune system
- Unknown trigger that will cause initial inflammation in the brain
o Need infiltration of immune cells into the brain, which is weird because the brain is
immunoprivileged
- Microglial cells involved
o T cell sees peptide presented on the microglial cell
o Self antigen activating T cell
- Combination of different cell types and factors
o Th1 and Th17
o Antibodies
o Monocytes
- Demyelination
MS: other factors
- More common in women then men
- More common in northern latitudes → potentially due to low serum vitamin D
- Genetic associates with certain HLA alleles
MS and the animal model
- Antigen + adjuvant can be used to induce MS-like disease experimentally in mice
- T cell mediated model
Treatment options
- Disease modifying therapies
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Must be breakdown of tolerance and triggering of an immune response. Therapeutic agents to treat autoimmune disorders involve targeting/modulating the immune system. Chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Destructions of myelin sheath around neurons lesions can be seen by mri. Range of symptoms: pain, fatigue, tingling, impaired gait, vision problems, bladder problems, dizziness, cognitive and mood problems. Destruction of myelin sheaths in brain, can appear before any symptoms. In the most common type, you can have varying degrees of symptoms: relapses are often correlated with new brain lesions. Unknown trigger that will cause initial inflammation in the brain: need infiltration of immune cells into the brain, which is weird because the brain is immunoprivileged. Microglial cells involved: t cell sees peptide presented on the microglial cell, self antigen activating t cell. Combination of different cell types and factors: th1 and th17, antibodies, monocytes. More common in northern latitudes potentially due to low serum vitamin d.
