NUR1 235 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Egophony, Thoracic Cavity, Pleural Effusion
15 Oct 2017
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Recall: health history interviewing is a comprehensive assessment that describes all fa(cid:272)tors that (cid:272)a(cid:374) i(cid:373)pa(cid:272)t a perso(cid:374)"s health, mr. s(cid:272)haeffer"s (cid:272)ase, post (cid:373)yo(cid:272)ardial i(cid:374)far(cid:272)tio(cid:374) (cid:894)mi(cid:895) see slides. Normal inspection findings: the mechanics of breathing involve active air entry and passive air exit, the work of breathing is done by the diaphragm, external + internal ic muscles. Normal palpation findings: symmetrical chest wall expansion, fremitus (carried vibrations) that are equal bilaterally and less intense over periphery, warm and dry skin that is free of crepitus, absence of lesions or tendeness. Abnormal palpation findings: crepitus the result of trapping air in the subcutaneous space, aka subcutaneous emphysema; may be a sign of pneumothorax. Asymmetric chest wall expansion some process is keeping the lungs from inflating equally; can be caused by pneumothorax, atelectasis, pneumonia or fractured ribs: fremitus can change based on the contents of the thoracic cage.
