POLI 435 Lecture 17: POLI435L17

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!1: williams: race & the welfare state (us) Tracks of welfare provisions groups that benefit: race, class & gender historical development effects on inequality. How historically this provision of benefits developed --> how it provides less benefit to maj. of af am (poorer ones) 1: social welfare: public assistance, food stamps, medicaid, housing subsidies. Direct provision of benefits by the state to fairly poor groups. Not much of a contribution made by individuals benefiting from this. 2: social insurance: social security, medicare, workers" compensation. Groups that used to be part of trade unions (industries previously active) Provided to groups, but they contribute something to the process. Employer withholds part of person"s income for unemployment insurance, social insurance. 3: hidden welfare: state contributions to private employer health insurance, pensions, tax breaks on mortgages. Through state contributions to private/ employer provided health insurance. Employer contributes some, employee contribute some, state contribute some.

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