POLI 227 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Electoral Fraud, Dominant Minority, Tutsi
4 Sep 2016
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• Clash of civilization is false -- clash of interests
o extremes vs mainstream politics
o rich history of collaboration and mutual learning
• paradox of globalization
o inclusive change
o ex: Ebola outbreak contracted to people from US, Canada, Europe etc
• greater respect for human rights
o more unavoidable the greater the interconnectedness (globalization)
o empathy and concern for international situations
Ethnicity
The politics of Identity
• who we are
• how we see ourselves
• how we see others
• the identity approach
o Ex: tiananmen Square (1989): govt attempted to dampen the university led, pro-
democracy movement within the country.
o CAlhoun (LSE): prisoners of war -- human suffering point of view it makes sense to give
the abuser the information and avoid pain, but you then betray your own self worth
o respect for the other
▪ label = understanding of different groups, denies respect and promotes clashes
o post-marxist
▪ not a working class fight for better working conditions. It's ethnicities fighting
for inextricably intertwined in a non-economic sense.
o non-market rationalities
• identity formaion and the process of collection action: non-negotiable demands
o cannot compromise entire self worth
• How and when do they become politicized
Identity and collective Action
• identity is prior to interest calculation
• direct participation
o active individual who self identifies with the identity/ ethnicity participates, not a
representative
• contesting large social identities
o certain identities deny the rights/demands
• struggles over symbols and meanings: the difference between life and death
o particularly in countries with weak institutions who lack the capability to mediate
conflict
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