PSYC 100 Lecture 8: PSYC100 – Lecture 8

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Genes: cells nuclei chromosomes contain dna dna contains genes, dna (de-oxyribonucleic acid) Double helical structure ( a-t(u in rna), g-c) Sequences of base pairs on dna form genes (code for building proteins) Human genome contains 20-30k genes: epigenetic mechanisms . Processes that change gene expression, operate on level of histones (can"t alter gene itself, act on phenotypes only) Dna methylation: adding methyl group to dna (causing repression/activation of gene) Histone modification: altering extent to which genes are wrapped around histones altering access to genes: transcription- Process of copying strand of dna (producing copy rna strand) Dna helicase unzips hydrogen bonds between dna strands. Dna polymerase copies a string using mrna (contains copy of base sequence of dna) Rna transcript is released from rna polymerase. Mrna attaches to ribosome at start codon (aug) Trna"s bind to mrna in ribosome and bring with them attached amino acid. As ribosome moves along mrna, trna"s form polypeptide by attaching amino acid.

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