PSYC 211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 54: Mesolimbic Pathway, Striatum, Olanzapine
16 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Negative symptoms are characterized by the absence" of behaviors that are normally present (seen in many neurological disorders where the individual has experienced damage to the frontal lobe and the temporal lobe). Non-schizophrenic 2. 1% in mz twins discordant for schizophrenia, the schizophrenic twin has larger lateral ventricles the schizophrenic twin also shoes a smaller anterior hippocampus and reduced volume of gray matter in the temporal lobe. Chlorpromazine, initially used to reduce surgical shock, was found to have a calming effect on difficult-to-handle psychotic patients. Chlorpromazine had a specific affect on schizophrenia agitated schizophrenics were calmed by it whereas blunted schizophrenics were activated by it. Chlorpromazine and other anti-psychotics (e. g. reserpine; a-methyl p-tyrosine) reduced positive symptoms by antagonizing dopamine transmission. Da agonists (e. g. amphetamine, cocaine, methylphenidate, l-dopa) lead to the production of positive symptoms which can be alleviated with anti-psychotic drugs: amphetamine causes more dopamine in striatum in schizophrenic patients.
