PSYC 211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 56: Electroconvulsive Therapy, Heritability, Nucleus Accumbens
16 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Stimulation of the prefrontal cortex inhibits the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens. By contrast, deactivating/antagonizing the prefrontal cortex (by infusing pcp or dopamine antagonists), increases dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. Hypo-frontality causes hyper-activity of the mesolimbic pathway which leads to positive symptoms. Different types of major affective disorders there are two principle types of major affective disorders: bipolar disorder (alternating periods of mania and depression. Episode of mania lasts a few days to several months. Episode of depression lasts three times as long as the mania episode: major depressive disorder (depression without mania) The depression is continuous or may come in episodes. Very rare to have mania without depression. Episodes of mania are characterized by a sense of euphoria: non-stop speech, on-stop motor activity flit from one topic to another in a conversation, think highly of themselves (i. e. important, can go for long periods without sleep. Ect was initiated in humans in 1938 by cerletti and bini.
