ANTHROP 2FF3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Endosteum, Bone, Bioarchaeology
18 Apr 2018
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Document Summary
Skeletos(greek): dried-up (body), from skellesthai-to dry up. During life bone is a dynamic living tissue. Bones can be affected by a variety of internal and external factors. 70% inorganic: bone mineral-hydroxyapatite, gives bone rigidity, hardness & strength in compression. 30% organic: bone collagen-a structural protein, gives bone flexibility, elasticity & strength in tension. Impact of health, disease, nutrition on past populations. The study of the human skeleton in an archaeological context. Compact (cortical) bone: found on external surface of skeletal elements: to the naked eye: dense; few pores or spaces. Cancellous bone (or spongy" bone) typically found in the ends of long bones: made up of small bars or plates called trabeculae. Periosteum: fibrous membrane that covers living bone not covered by cartilage: function: bone growth, repair, nutrition, attachment for muscles. Subchondral bone - compact bone covered by cartilage; smoother and shinier that regular compact bone: microscopically appears different than compact bone. Cartilage: tough, elastic connective tissue found at joints.
