ANTHROP 2VV3 Lecture : Terminology, Chronology, and Theory
9 Jan 2012
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Complex society/civilizations are terms that are used interchangeably but they are not exactly the same thing. Egalitarian society: only inequalities are based on gender and age, no social classes (social statuses tend not to differ, no differentiation in wealth, no specialized political roles (inequalities in power) But not all complex societies are civilizations. Only the largest and most complicated complex societies are civilizations. Chiefdoms vs. states: both are forms of complex society, both have monumental architecture and site hierarchies, differ in terms of social integration, forms of social inequality, and sources of power. Social integration: chiefdoms have weaker social integration. based largely on warfare and the redistribution of goods (both the domain of chiefs: states have stronger social integration. based on centralized control of administration by rulers of kings. Social inequality: chiefdoms social inequality in the form of ranking of social groups on the basis of kinship.
