BIOCHEM 2B03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Furanose, Bamhi, Ribosomal Rna
16 Oct 2015
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Document Summary
Nitrogenous bases (cid:0) nucleosides (cid:0) nucleotide mono/di/triphosphate (cid:0) nucleic acids. Nucleosomes (cid:0) chromatin (cid:0) solenoid (cid:0) dna filament (cid:0) miniband (cid:0) chromatid (cid:0) chromosome. Two types: pyrimidine (py, cytosine (cty): dna and rna, uracil (ur): rna, thymine (thym): dna, adenine (aden): dna and rna, guanine (guan): dna and rna, purines (pu) Thy has a 5-methyl group and uracil doesn"t. Aromatic, therefore undergo keto-enol tautomeric shifts: tautomers of ur, thy and guan generally have a neutral ph, pka values determine if n is h donator or acceptor = hydrogen between bases in dna. Nucleoside: base + sugar via b-n-glycosidic bond: dna: 2-deoxy-d-ribose sugar (2"-h, rna: d-ribose sugar (2"-oh, different affects secondary structure and stability. Prime" indicates numbering on carbon, and not on the nitrogen base. Sugar is cyclic: furanose form (how it is in dna and rna: 5 membered ring (heterocyclic) Naming of nucleosides: root of pyrimidine + idine, root of purine + osine.
