BIOCHEM 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Performance-Enhancing Substance, Creatine Kinase, Brainpower
8 Dec 2017
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Our cells need energy for many things, including housekeeping activities such as dna replication, cell division, protei(cid:374) s(cid:455)(cid:374)thesis, (cid:373)ai(cid:374)tai(cid:374)i(cid:374)g a(cid:374) os(cid:373)oti(cid:272) gradie(cid:374)t of sodiu(cid:373) a(cid:374)d potassiu(cid:373) io(cid:374)s all of these pro(cid:272)esses require energy. Recall that there are three macronutrients that provide fuel to the cells for energy production: carbohydrates (which include polysaccharides like starch that are broken down to glucose), lipids and proteins. Glucose is broken down to pyruvate through glycolysis, then to acetylcoa via the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction, then to carbon dioxide through the citric acid cycle. The reducing equivalents, nadh and fadh2, that are generated from these processes are then converted to atp through the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Fats are broken down from triacylglycerols to free glycerol and fatty acids. The glycerol will feed into glycolysis, while the fatty acids will be broken down to acetylcoa through beta oxidation.
