BIOCHEM 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Dna Replication, Nanometre, Chromosome
17 Mar 2014
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Document Summary
Dna can be rendered visible using sem by coating it with denatured ctyochrome c to fatten it to 200 angstroms and then shadowing the resulting preparation with platinum. Chromosomes are 1. 3-10 micrometers long in their most condensed state. Genome is one haploid (single) set of chromosomes with their containing genes. It includes all the genetic material of an organism. Contour length of dna in a single cell is one metre. Dna winds around histones, to form nucleosomes that condense into. When a cell divides to produce two daughter cells, dna molecules are replicated. Each strand of parental dna acts as the template for the syntheses of a complementary daughter strand. Multitide of enzymes are involved in the replication process to ensure delity and ef ciency. Lagging strand: dna strand replicated continuously, made in the 5" to 3" direction. Dna polymeraze (pol-alpha): extends primed segments of dna. Dna primase: reads template dna and initiates synthesis of short complementary.
