BIOCHEM 4M03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, Irs1, Beta Cell
13 Jan 2017
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Biochem 4m03 lecture 4 - insulin secretion and signalling. Glucose uptake into the liver controlled by glut2 (non-insulin dependent) Glycogenesis occurs in the liver: formation of glycogen from sugar (process of glycogen synthesis, activated during rest periods in the liver also by insulin in response to high glucose levels. Glp-1 (glucagon like peptide 1) is secreted from intestines when food first hits intestines: causes stimulation of insulin production in pancreas. Insulin stimulates glucose uptake into muscle and adipose tissue. Diabetes occurs when the ability of insulin to shut down glucose production is impaired (insulin isn"t working) Insulin resistance is important in the development of diabetes. Increased levels of glucose in circulation leads to increased glucose uptake into pancreatic beta cells through glut2 (a glucose transporter) Increased intracellular glucose then leads to increased production of atp, and an increase in the atp/adp ratio. Increased atp/adp ratio leads to closing of the potassium channel and depolarization of the cell.
