BIOLOGY 2B03 Lecture Notes - Lactococcus Lactis, Methanosarcina, Dna Replication
11 Jun 2013
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Eukaryotes: these comprise all multicellular plants and animals fungi (multicellular moulds and unicellular yeast) Prokaryotes: cell or organism lacking a membrane-bound, structurally discrete nucleus and other subcellular compartments, compartmentalized functions that are not membrane-bound. Eukaryotes: cell containing a membrane-bound nucleus that carries most of the genetic information (chromosomes) and a wide-array of membrane- bound organelles that perform discrete functions. Can distinguish specific functions within an organelle and increase it"s activity. Because they are compartmentalizing these functions they can become larger. Electron micrograph: high resolution image of a cell. Eukaryotes contain a membrane-bound nucleus containing (most of) the genetic material of the cells; (eu-true; karyon-nucleus) single membrane. Activities are compartmentalized; an extensive internal membrane enclose various compartments = organelles. Despite their apparent differences, the two cell types have a lot in common. Both have selectively-permeable plasma membranes that separate the interior of the cell from the exterior of the cell. Both contain an aqueous medium called cytoplasm.
