BIOLOGY 2C03 Lecture Notes - Middle Ear, Cochlear Nucleus, Inferior Colliculus

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Auditory ii central auditory system: tonotopic organization (i. e. frequency map in the central auditory system) Sound is represented tonotopically in the cochlea, which results in tonotopy in the auditory nerve fibers (see lec 58 on best frequency) Tonotopy is preserved throughout central auditory system, e. g. as evident in a golgi stain of the cochlear nuclei. Most commisures occur at the trapezoid body, and above the so most neurons are bi-aural. Locating a sound source carries the additional problems of (1) distinguishing multiple sound sources over background noise and (2) suppressing the effect of echoes. Due to path length difference, a sound source will have different effects on the right and left ears (1) time difference: itd and ipd; ipd is better perceived due to phase-locking of anfs (2) loudness difference: ild. Relative importance of itd and ild cues depends on stimulus frequency. The superior olivary nuclei compute sound localization.

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