BIOLOGY 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Thermoproteus, Methanopyrus, Pseudopeptidoglycan
4 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Archaea is a distinct domain of life: archaea (cid:498)look(cid:499) like bacteria, rrna gene sequence comparisons can establish phylogenetic, genetic analyses show them to be different (cid:494)trees(cid:495, show (cid:494)methanogens(cid:495) are distinct from bacteria. The first group termed (cid:498)archaeons(cid:499) were the methanogens a poorly characterized microbial class that produce methane as a by-product. Many other groups of archaea are now known, and many but not all grow in very extreme conditions. Shapes can vary: many are rods, spheres, spirals, others have irregular shapes (sulfolobus spp. , rectangular shape (thermoproteus spp. ) Like bacteria, a diverse mixture of molecules. Histones form structures that dna wraps around in eukarya and archaea. Histone structure/wrapping is different in archaea from eukarya. Inclusion bodies such as gas vacuoles have been observed in some archaea. Cytoskeleton homologues are found in both bacteria and archaea. Ta0583 is an actin homolog in thermoplasma acidophilum that resembles eukaryal actin. Methanopyrus kandleri more closely resemble bacterial cytoskeletal proteins.
