BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Peptide, Disaccharide, Galactose
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BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes
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Under favorable conditions and available nutrients all cells have the essential machinery that favours growth and division. A nutrient rich environment containing amino acids, vitamins, nucleotides and carbohydrates. Favourable temperature, however environments can undergo variable changes where a prokaryote may need to adapt to what is available. Dna of the bacterial nucleoid contains all information required to orchestrate a response to any change in the environment. Housekeeping genes: genes that are required all of the time for normal functions. Regulated genes: genes that can be turned on and off on an as-needed basis. Housekeeping genes are constitutively expressed, they are always being transcribed and translated. Includes: structural proteins, ribosomal proteins, rna and dna polymerases. When exposed to a changing environment, bacterial cells can respond by altering the expression pattern of some genes. Regulated genes are expressed only when needed to allow for the production of important enzymes or proteins that are needed to bring about changes in growth and division.