BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Transcription Bubble, Consensus Sequence, George Gamow

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BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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Biology 1a03 theme 2 module 1 and 2. The central dogma: process of dna transcription mrna translation (nucleotide amino acids proteins) Transcription in prokaryotes: dna has a template strand and a non-template strand, sequence of the mrna is the same as that of the non-template strand except for the uracil replaces thymine. Initiation: rna polymerase attaches to specific promoter regions of dna, promoter regions (start of the specific gene) indicate the transcriptional starting point where. 10 region consensus sequence tataat is positioned -10 nucleotides upstream. Dna helix to allow transcription to occur: different sigma factors are able to identify specific promoters to the rna polymerase, and therefore assist with turning genes on and off when needed. Elongation: rna polymerase separate the two strands of the dna double helix, forming the transcription bubble, ribonucleotides are then able to enter the rna polymerase and assemble in a complementary fashion to the dna template strand.

Related Questions

Order the following choices to examine the process of transcription.

- RNA polymerase moves along the template strand of DNA adding complementary RNA nucleotides, extending the mRNA.

-RNA polymerase binds at the promoter region just upstream from the gene.

-RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA at the promoter site and begins to transcribe the template strand of DNA.

-Transcription continues until a termination site in the DNA is reached.

-The mRNA transcript is released.

Which type of RNA is unique to eukaryotes?

		mRNA
		rRNA
		tRNA
		snRNA
		Its a trick, all cells have all four types of RNA.

1 points

QUESTION 2

The region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is the:

		origin
		promoter
		enhancer
		none of the above are correct

1 points

QUESTION 3

Holoenzyme:

		is RNA polymerase core enzyme.
		is sigma factor.
		is core plus sigma factor.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these is formed FIRST when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter?

		The closed promoter complex
		The open promoter complex
		A rho-independent terminator
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 5

A hairpin loop followed by a run of Us:

		is the sequence formed in the sense strand of a gene using a rho-independent terminator.
		is the sequence recognized by the rho protein.
		is the structure formed in RNA that causes rho-independent termination.
		is formed immediately after the open promoter complex is formed.

1 points

QUESTION 6

RNA polymerase:

		reads the template strand of the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction.
		synthesizes the RNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
		can begin transcription without a primer.
		all of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

		Bacteria like E. coli have only one type of sigma factor.
		RNA polymerase has no proofreading activity.
		The promoter of a gene is upstream of the RNA-coding region.
		Bacterial transcriptional terminators are copied into RNA to cause termination.

1 points

QUESTION 8

If the template strand of a gene has the sequence 5' ATGCGAT 3', then:

		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUGCGAU 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' UAGCGUA 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUCGCAU 3'.
		None of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 9

The sense strand:

		is the lagging strand
		is also the template strand.
		always goes left to right.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 10

Which of these is transcribed but not translated?

		mRNA
		tRNA
		rRNA
		all of the above
		tRNA and rRNA are transcribed but not translated.

please help i am a bit confused

During transcription in eukaryotes, a type of RNA polymerase called RNA polymerase II moves along the template strand of the DNA in the 3'â5' direction. However, for any given gene, either strand of the double-stranded DNA may function as the template strand. Which of the following initially determines which DNA strand is the template strand, and therefore in which direction RNA polymerase II moves along the DNA?

A. the location of specific proteins (transcription factors) that bind to the DNA

B. the specific sequence of bases along the DNA strands

C. the location along the chromosome where the double-stranded DNA unwinds

D. the position of the geneâs promoter on the chromosome

E. which of the two strands of DNA carries the RNA primer

BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Transcription Bubble, Consensus Sequence, George Gamow

BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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