BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Gene Expression, Escherichia Coli, Adenylyl Cyclase

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOLOGY 1A03
• Professor: Jurek Kolasa

Document Summary

Biology 1a03 theme 3 module 1 and 2. Amino acids, vitamins, nucleoides, and carbohydrates are needed for growth. Dna that is required all of the ime for normal funcions are called housekeeping genes. Regulated genes can be turned on and off on an as needed basis. Allow for the constant maintenance of general cellular aciviies. Ex: when bacterial cell is exposed to diferent environment, regulated genes can be turned on like the producion of galactosidase when there is a lack of glucose in e. coli. Transcripional control (dna mrna: controls the binding of proteins (rna polymerase) to the promoter region. Translaional control (mrna protein: mrna may not be immediately translated into a protein. Post-translaional control (protein acivated protein: polypepide folds into a 3-demenianal shape, driving the assembly into complex, the binding of substrates, unmasking of enzymaic domains. Note: gene expression means the funcional product of the gene is made, modiied, and acivated.