BIOLOGY 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Chlamydomonas, Cyanobacteria, Tetrahymena
23 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Chapter 3 - Eukaryotic Microbes
What do typical eukaryotic cells look like?
Defined by presence of a membrane bound nucleus
Strong cytoskeleton
May possess cell wall
Intracellular compartments – organelles
Usually larger than archaea/bacteria
Organelles
Mitochondria and Chloroplast
Both are self-autonomous
Replicate independently, contain DNA, have transcription machinery and ribosomes
Most proteins originate from DNA which is in nucleus
They use ETC to generate ATP via chemiosmosis
Cell Walls in the 3 domains
Cellulose VS Chitin
Both use B-1,4-glycosidic bonds
Cellulose - glucose
Chitin - N-acetylglucosamine
Comparison of Flagella in Bacteria and Eukarya
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Defined by presence of a membrane bound nucleus. Replicate independently, contain dna, have transcription machinery and ribosomes. Most proteins originate from dna which is in nucleus. They use etc to generate atp via chemiosmosis. Present in all living organisms and serves same universal function. Model - saccharomyces cerevisiae: cheap, heterotrophic, cell wall of chitin and used to make bread, beer and wine. Recognized by their dense brush-like spore-bearing structures. The conidiophores are simple or branched and are terminated by clusters of flask-shaped phialides. Penicillin is produced by penicillium chrysogenum, mould that occurs in most homes: rhizopus nigricans, aspergillius niger. Some species are harmful and some are beneficial. Nidulans fungal model for genetics and cell biology. Niger used for production of citric acid. Oryae used for fermentation of traditional japanese beverages and sauces. Flavus plant and pathogen that produces potent carcinogen.
