CHEM 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Lightning, Sodium Chloride, Formal Charge

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 1A03
• Professor: Jeff Landry

Document Summary

Early qualitative tests to distinguish acids and bases by taste. Focus on fundamental acid-base chemistry to describe their reactivity in the context of energy, health, and environment. Acidic: sour (coke, phosphoric acid), alkaline: bitter (cocoal leaf, cocaine) Acids ionize to generate proton h+ (aq), whereas bases ionize to produce hydroxide oh- Strong base naoh (aq) na+ (aq) + oh- (aq) Theory applicable to protic acid & metal hydroxides in water, however many exceptions bf3 and nh3. Hcl (aq) h+ (aq) + cl- (aq) (aq) Acid = h+ donor, base = h+ acceptor. H2o is an amphoteric species (behaves as both an acid or a base) Hcl is not an acid until it dissociates; nh3 is not basic until it dissociates to give you h+ or oh- Not a base or acid until its dissociated to make those ions. F- + h2o hf + oh- : basic because hf has not yet dissociated into h+