CHEM 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Ideal Gas Law, Heat Capacity, Kelvin

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CHEM 1A03 Full Course Notes

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U2m2-fundamental skills review: extensive quantities: depend linearly on how much matter you have, ex. Intensive quantifies: remain essentially constant even if amount of matter changes: ex. Temperature scales: celsius scale: 0 is at the freezing point of water; 100 is at the boiling point of water, based on water at sea level, kelvin scale: 0 is the lowest possible temperature in the world. Example: an hcl solution is 28. 0% by mass and has a density of 1. 14g/ml. *assume 100g of solutions (since conc. is an intensive property, we can assume any mass), thus we have 28. 0g of hcl: 0 k = -273. 15 c. Percent by volume: find mols, find volume, d=density g/ml (m, n=moles, v=volume ml (can be l but that would make density g/l, c=concentration mols/l (m, n=moles, v=volume l (cid:1829)=(cid:1866) (cid:1830)=(cid:1865) % (cid:1854)(cid:1877) (cid:1874)(cid:1867)(cid:1864)(cid:1873)(cid:1865)(cid:1857)= (cid:3046)(cid:3042)(cid:3048)(cid:3047) (cid:3046)(cid:3042)(cid:3048)(cid:3047)(cid:3042)(cid:3041)(cid:1876) (cid:883)(cid:882)(cid:882) (cid:1866)= (cid:1865)(cid:1839)(cid:1839) (cid:1866)=(cid:884)(cid:890). (cid:882)(cid:885)(cid:888). (cid:886)(cid:888) (cid:1866)=(cid:882). (cid:889)(cid:888)(cid:889)(cid:891)(cid:887)(cid:1865)(cid:1867)(cid:1864)(cid:1871: vsolution combined total volume, msolution combined total mass.

Related Questions

Â± Convert between Units of Concentration

Chemists often use molarity M, in moles/liter, to measure the concentration of solutions. Molarity is a common unit of concentration because the volume of a liquid is very easy to measure. However, the drawback of using molarity is that volume is a temperature-dependent quantity. As temperature changes, density changes, which affects volume. Volume markings for most laboratory glassware are calibrated for room temperature, about 20âC.

Fortunately, there are several other ways of expressing concentration that do not involve volume and are therefore temperature independent.

A 2.350Ã10^â2M solution of NaCl in water is at 20.0âC. The sample was created by dissolving a sample of NaCl in water and then bringing the volume up to 1.000 L. It was determined that the volume of water needed to do this was 999.4 mL . The density of water at 20.0âC is 0.9982 g/mL.

Part A

Calculate the molality of the salt solution.

Express your answer to four significant figures and include the appropriate units.

mNaCl =

.0235m

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Your answer has units of mol/L of water. You need to convert the volume of water to kilograms using the density provided.

Part B

Calculate the mole fraction of salt in this solution.

Express the mole fraction to four significant figures.

ÏNaCl =

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Part C

Calculate the concentration of the salt solution in percent by mass.

Express your answer to four significant figures and include the appropriate units.

percent by mass NaCl =

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Part D

Calculate the concentration of the salt solution in parts per million.

Express your answer as an integer to four significant figures and include the appropriate units.

parts per million NaCl =

ppm

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sapphirespider251

If somesone could explain these 3 questions and show steps as to how you got the answer, would be greatly appreciated!!

A solution is prepared by dissolving 40.89-grams of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) in 0.677-kilograms of water. The final volume of the solution is 516-milliliters. For this solution, calculate the concentration as a mole percent (%). The molar mass of ethylene glycol is 62.07 g*mol-1 and the molar mass of water is 18.02 g*mol-1. Don't forget to include the unit symbol in the answer.

What is the vapor pressure (in torr) of 431-mL water, if the heat of vaporation is -10.8-kJ, Î²-constant is 30.5 fraction numerator m L over denominator m o l end fraction , R-constant is 0.00831 fraction numerator k J over denominator m o l cross times K end fraction , and the temperature is 568.13-Kelvin? Don't forget to include your units. Assume this is an Ideal Gas.

Benzene has a heat of vaporization of 30.72 open parentheses fraction numerator k J over denominator m o l cross times K end fraction close parentheses and a normal boiling point of 80.1oC. At what temerature, in oC, does benzene boil when the external pressure is 895-torr?

CHEM 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Ideal Gas Law, Heat Capacity, Kelvin

CHEM 1A03 Full Course Notes

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