EARTHSC 2GG3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Krakatoa, Epicenter, Natural Resources Canada

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Lecture 7, september 20, 2013: tsunami (japanese term) harbour wave . Tsunamis are most commonly generated by earthquakes, but they can also be caused by volcanic eruptions, landslides or rockfalls, volcano flank collapses, and asteroid impacts: tsunami: generation. Major tsunamis are produced by large (greater than 7 m), shallow focus (< 30km depth in the earth) earthquakes. Most tsunami are generated during under-water earthquakes associated with the sudden rise or fall of the seafloor, which displaces a large volume of water. Earthquake-generated tsunami occur most commonly on a reverse/thrust - fault movement (subduction zone) Depth of water above the rupture. rate and volume displaced: the maximum wave height from an earthquake is about 15 meters, which would increase as waves are pushed into shallow water and bays, figures: courtesy of usgs. Water is driven up-ward or outward by fast- moving flows of hot volcanic ash or submarine volcanic explosions into a large body of water.

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