GEOG 1HB3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Rotational Symmetry, Distance Decay, Urban Land

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blackmammoth375

27 Oct 2012

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The city is a built environment where a range of activities take place; these activities or land uses are divided into six general categories: 1. What do urban land use patterns look like? (description: 2. What are the determinants of urban land use patterns? (explanation: 3. What do these patterns tell us about cities and how they function in economic terms? (interpretation) Classic models of urban structure: concentric zone model burgess, sector model hoyt, multiple-nuclei model harris and ullman (see pp. 268 270; figures 8. 25, 8. 26 and 8. 27: urban land use and competition for space. Each location/point in the city is associated with: 1. The cost associated with overcoming that distance (to the cbd). R(d)= rent or land value at distance d from the city center. T(d) = transportation costs at distance d from the city center. In general, land values decrease as distance from the cbd increases. Transportation costs trends to increase at decreasing rate from the.

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Introduction. Telescope time is a valuablecommodity in astronomy, so astronomers plan their observationscarefully. One of the first steps is to choose what type ofobservation to make. Recall that three basic types of astronomicalobservation are imaging (taking a photograph of anobject), spectroscopy (spreading an object's light into aspectrum), and timing (measuring how an object's lightvaries with time).

Part A: Sort each of the astronomical questionsbelow into the appropriate bin based on the type of observation youwould need to perform to answer it.

Three Categories: Imagine, Spectroscopy andTiming

The Questions:

1. "What are the major surface features of Mars?"

2. "What is the temperature of Jupiter's atmosphere?"

3. "Does the star Mira vary in brightness?"

4. "How large is the Andromeda Galaxy?"

5. "What is the chemical composition of the Crab Nebula?"

6. "Is the X-ray emission fro the galactic center steady orchanging?"

7. "Is the star Vega moving toward us or away from us?"

8. "Are stars in the Orion Nebula surrounded by dusty disks ofgas?"

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Introduction: Different telescopes areoptimized for observing different wavelengths of light, so anotherconsideration in planning an observation is deciding what type oftelescope to use.

Part B: Each of the following statementsdescribes an astronomical measurement. Place each measurement intothe appropriate bin based on the type of telescope you would use tomake it.

Three Categories: Infrared Telescope, VisibleLight Telescope and X-Ray Telescope

The Statements:

1. Study a dense cloud of cold gas in space.

2. Measure the brightness of a star that is similar to ourSun.

3. Observe the hot (1-million K) gas in the Sun's corona.

4. Obtain a spectrum of sunlight reflected by Mars.

5. Determine the surface temperature of Venus.

6. Look for high-energy radiation from a supernova.

Thank you so much to whoever helps!

Astrophysicists in the 1960s tried to explain the existence and thestructure of pulsars â extremely regular astronomical sources ofradio pulses whose periods ranged from seconds to milliseconds. Atone point, these radio sources were given the acronym LGM, standingfor âLittle Green Men,â a reference to the idea that they might besignals of extraterrestrial civilizations. The explanation giventoday is no less interesting. Consider the following. Our Sun,which is a fairly typical star, has a mass of 1.99x10^30 kg and aradius of 6.69x10^8 m. Although it does not rotate uniformly,because it isnât a solid body, its average rate of rotation isabout 1 rev / 25 days. Stars larger than the sun can end theirlives in spectacular explosions called supernovae, leaving behindcollapsed remnants of the stars called neutron stars. Neutron starshave masses comparable to the original masses of the stars, butradii of only a few kilometers. These stars emit beams of radiowaves. Because of the rapid angular speed of the stars, the beamssweep past Earth at regular, very short, intervals. To produce theobserved radio-wave pulses, the star has to rotate at rates fromabout 1 rev/s to 1000 rev/s.

a. Estimate the rotation rate of the Sun if it were to collapseinto a neutron star of radius 10 km. The Sun is not a uniformsphere of gas, and its moment of inertia is given by I = 0.059MR2.Assume that the neutron star is spherical and has a uniform massdistribution.
b. Is the rotational kinetic energy of our Sun greater of smallerafter the collapse? By what factor does it change, and where doesthe energy go to or come from?

has anyone had to do a mastering physics lab based on a basketball?it is called laboratory #1 some of the questions are ....
1. By creating a graph of X position as a function of time, it ispossible to find the X velocity of the basketball. Using thesoftware tools, display this graph and find the best fit line usingthe "Linear Fit" tool. What is the slope of the line? How should weinterpret this slope? The software gives a correlation along withthe best fit line, what does this mean? Is it good or bad?

2. Examine the data to determine the very first value of the YVelocity and the X Velocity. There are two values for velocitybecause the velocity of the basketball has two parts, a vertical(Y) part and a horizontal (X) part. The total velocity must befound be adding these two velocities in a particular way:
V = squareroot( (X Velocity)^2 + (Y Velocity)^2 ) If this remindsyou of the pythagorean theorem, good.
Compute this value and show your work in the box below.

3. Make a graph of the Y Velocity as a function of time. Explain,qualitatively, what this graph says about the vertical motion ofthe basketball.
Thanks!

GEOG 1HB3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Rotational Symmetry, Distance Decay, Urban Land

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