What was the Reformation
• Historical debates
o “revolution” vs medieval reform:
§ Steven Ozment (revolution) vs Heiko Oberman
o “De-securlization vs. “resacralization” of the world
§ Max Weber Vs. Gerald Strauss
Origins of the Reformation
• Change is dangerous idea m new threating
o Go back to the bible , and new interpretation
§ Luther was only one true religion
ú Babylonian Captivity (1303-1415)
• Minds of ppl the early 16 th century
o Term point of Petrarch ,
devoting in church admin in the
papacy , pope visiting Avignon ,
§ Avignon ; French rule ,
ú Heated battle of the
pope
ú French will take
advantage of the
pope , pope will die
in avigion , get
cardinal to elect new
pope
ú Will stay in avigion
for next 85 yrs
ú
ú Medieval reformers : John Wyclffe , Jan Hus
ú Christian Humanism ( Desiderius Erasmus,
Thomas more)
ú The Imperial context : The holy Roman
Empire
Martin Luther ( 1483 -1546)
• Augustinian friar (1505)
o devout catholic , partly due his devout Catholicism
change his view and path to salvation/sin
o obsessed with unworthiness
o Talked about how he hate god
§ nothing what he did was good enough
§ spend hours prayer on his knees , flagellation
§ more extreme to catholic doctrine
o Lutheran Doctrine
§ Catholicism:
ú Free will ú original sin
ú 7 sacraments
• religious rites
o baptism
o marriage , and final stages
ú church structure , prepare you for final
meeting with god
ú faith , grace and good works
• good works = charity , demonstration
core value of Jesus , atoning for the
sins , doing good Christian acts .
Organize mass for the dead . Truly
believe sinned
§ Lutheranism:
ú Original Sin
• depraved ,cant prove our worthiness
§
ú Sola fide, gratia , scriptura
• faith , graces and scripture
o understand god through
scripture
o can not save self only god grace
can save you
o if you had gods grace , you will
understand the truth of the
scriptures
ú “priesthood of all believers”
• did not priesthood to talk to god
• Theological influences : Augustine , St Paul, Romans 1 :17
o developing these new ideas 5 yrs prior
o more active component
o good works is absolutely useless
o we are powerless
o catholic church has been misleading
o individual relationship between you and god
o going after church practices
o didn’t believe everyone can be saved
§ terrible truth
ú only god knows who he will save
o didn’t have worry about his soul , god will decide
§ burden lifted , felt at peace
• The indulgences Controversy (1517)
More
Less
