HISTORY 3S03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Karl Pearson, Ernst Kretschmer, Alice Marble
2 Dec 2016
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Le(cid:272)ture 11: the (cid:858)s(cid:272)ie(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:859) of (cid:271)ody types a(cid:374)d (cid:858)(cid:374)or(cid:373)al(cid:272)y(cid:859) Physiognomy ancient world: art of judging character from the features of the body; from the greek physics (nature) and gnomon (judge, classifying. Humoral temperaments: e(cid:373)otio(cid:374)al dispositio(cid:374)s; a perso(cid:374)(cid:859)s (cid:373)ood patter(cid:374) Renaissance era: neoplatonists, astrologic physiognomy, different parts of the body are ruled by constellations by the zodiac. John casper: swiss theologian physiognomist poet, essays on physiognomy, laws were established, lavater. Focused on studying the human form: silhouettes. Used state of the art to examine human form. Study the head of humans and proportions: a rational method, trained eye could divine the physical signs, elatio(cid:374)ship (cid:271)et(cid:449)ee(cid:374) people(cid:859)s i(cid:374)(cid:374)er a(cid:374)d outer sel(cid:448)es, typically featured faces eyes, nose, forehead, chin. External shape of head to diagnose internal state of mental faculties. Brain: organ of the mind, skull surface can be read as an accurate index of psychological aptitudes and tendencies. Study of criminal types: measured body parts of criminal types and insane people.
