HTHSCI 1H06 Lecture 2: 02 Cardiac Development
28 Jan 2019
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Postnatal/adult circulatory system: pulmonary, right side, oxygenation, removal of co2. Systemic: left side, delivery system, transport waste, 2 closed circuits arranged in series, pressure: l>r, systemic>pulmonary, arteries: carry blood away from the heart, oxygen rich separated from oxygen poor side, gas exchange occurs at capillaries. Key changes at birth: gas exchange, pressure differential, loss of placenta and opening of pulmonary vasculature. Foramen ovale --> fossa ovalis: ductus arteriosus --> ligamentum arteriosum, ductus venosus --> ligamentum venosum, umbilical arteries --> medial umbilical ligaments, umbilical vein --> ligamentum teres. Fossa ovalis was foramen ovale: a depression in the septum, immediately closes with pressure differential. Initially starts to close after 24-48 hours, resulting from higher oxygen tension: also due to loss of prostaglandins pge1, usually helps keep blood vessels open, causes vasoconstriction of ductus arteriosus. Ligamentum venosum was ductus venosum, veins collapse on themselves and become ligaments: medial umbilical ligaments, collapse and fill with connective tissue.
