MEDRADSC 2S03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Colic Flexures, Sigmoid Colon, Peritoneal Cavity
24 Jun 2016
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Document Summary
Anatomy of the large bowel: cecum, ascending colon descending colon, splenic flexure, hepatic flexure, tranverse colon, sigmoid colon, rectum. A potential space between the parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum (two membranes that separate the organs in the abdominal cavity from the abdominal wall) Secretes approximately 50 ml of fluid per day (lubricant and anti- inflammatory properties) Lower gi structures can be peritoneal, retroperitoneal, or extraperitoneal. Freely mobile so tumours can usually be removed surgically: cecum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon. Lower 2/3 of rectum retroperitoneal: only ant-sup 1/3 has a serosal layer. Anal canal from dentate line to anal verge (3-4 cm long) Not all segments of the colon have a serosal layer (provided by the visceral peritoneum) 10% of all cancers, 3rd most common cancer. Declining in people >50 years; increasing in <50 years. Ashkenazi eastern european jewish descent (apc gene mutation) Highest in n. america, australia & western europe. 2nd leading cause of cancer death in us.
