MEDRADSC 2T03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Retina, Metastasis, Radiation Therapy
27 Jun 2016
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Incidence and prevalence1: most common intraocular tumour in children, rare (300 cases/year in u. s. , age2, children, most common in children < 2 years old. Family history: rb1 gene mutation2, amplification of mycn gene (<6 months old; one eye)2, older parents (possible risk)2, biologic1, personal history of retinoblastoma. > optic nerve -> brain: eye made up of 3 parts: eyeball, orbit (socket), and accessory (adnexal) structures. Natural history and routes of spread2: retinoblastoma starts in the cells of the retina, retinoblasts divide into new cells and fill the part of the eye that will become the retina. Alexandra balsdon: mutation in retinoblast, retinoblastoma (rb1) gene causes retinoblasts to grow out of control, spreads by direct extension or through the blood to, other parts of eye (choroid, conjunctiva, eyelids, orbit, optic nerve, brain and spinal cord. Through nerve fibres (from optic nerve) directly to brain. If in csf, cancer can spread anywhere in brain or spinal cord.
