MEDRADSC 2D03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Lung, Pulmonary Circulation, Great Vessels
25 Oct 2019
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Department
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Lecture 11 – Thoracic Contents
November 19th, 2018
What are we doing today?
1. Lungs
2. Heart
a. Chambers
b. Valves
3. Great vessels
4. Pulmonary vessels
Lungs
• Apex
o The top of the lungs
o This is where air would collect
• Base
o At the bottom
o This is where fluid collects
o This is where the costphrenic sulcus
o Seeing it come to a point means there is no free fluid
• Pleura
o Parietal, visceral layer
▪ Lower in pressure which helps to expand the lungs
▪ Parietal outside layer
▪ Visceral inside layer touching the tissues
• Hilum
o Just after the carina
o It is the most media aspect
• Cardiac notch
o Lingual is a flap of lung that sits in front of the heart
o Cardiac notch is where the heart sits
• left oblique fissure
• right has the oblique and horizontal fissure
• the carina is at the T5
Heart
• Apex
o The bottom of the heart
• Base
o The top of the heart
• Pulmonary circulation
o Blood leaving your heart and going to your lungs
to then be pumped to the systemic circulation
• Systemic circulation
o Blood pumped around your body
Heart
Heart is a hollow structure
• Has 4 chamber
o What are they?
• In chest cavity, kept in place by pericardium and large
vessels
• Slightly rotated to the left, with the apex pointing
towards the left side
• Right side of heart situated behind the sternum
Heart
Showing all 4 chambers
• Notice:
o RV most anterior
o LA most posterior
• Chordae tendinae open and close the valves
• Tricuspid is on the right
Chamber of the heart
• Atria
o Interatrial septum
• Ventricles
o Interventricular septum
o Always will be thick
• Which chamber has the thickest myocardium and why?
o The left ventricle
• If there are 4 chambers then you are at the top of the heart
• 2 chambers is at the apex of the heart
Chambers of the heart
Atria
