PSYCH 3M03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Tryptophan, Intellectual Disability, Pituitary Gland
25 Jan 2018
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Document Summary
Chapter 10 happiness, sadness, and coping strategies. Emerges early in development, often first during mother-infant interactions. False smiles do not involve cheek raising or eye wrinkles. Occurs in all cultures and emerges early in infancy. Occurs in all cultures, often immediately after birth. Affective: dysphoria, facial expression, body posture, voice, anxiety. Behavioural: lack of initiative and motivation, difficulty engaging problems, inactivity. Physiological: sleep and appetite disturbances, chronic hpa activation (cortisol), abnormal circadian rhythm, serotonin disruptions. Occurs in human and primate infants and toddlers. Dysphoria, motor retardation, decreased response to environment, low appetite, insomnia, agitation, hopelessness. Cortisol levels higher during family instability, father absence. Causes include family stress, peer rejection, social isolation, parental loss, abuse. Chronic cortisol elevations are a classic sign of chronic stress and coping difficulty. Consummatory behaviours (eating, drinking, sex) associated with increased dopaminergic activity in nucleus accumbens. Melatonin produced at expense of serotonin (recall tryptophan serotonin melatonin) Shorter day length and darker conditions may decrease affect.
