PSYCH 1XX3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Papilledema, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
Anti-Mycobacterium Drugs
Drug
Indications
Adverse effects
Rifampicin
Tuberculosis, Leprosy
Contact prophylaxis in
meningitis
Deranged LFTs
Orange secretions
CP450 inducer
Isoniazed
Tuberculosis
Peripheral neuropathy (Rx -
pyridoxine), Hepatotoxicity
Pyrazinamide
Tuberculosis
Hepatocellular toxicity
Ethambutol
Tuberculosis (if isoniazid
resistance is likley)
Retrobulbar neuritis (< 8
weeks therapy)
Infections by Organ system
Cerbral Infections
Disease
Organisms
Features/Ix
Treatment
Cerebral
Abscess
Local infection:
Bacterial (strep
milleri, bacteroides,
staph) or fungal
Metastatic infection:
pneumonia, infective
endocarditis
An acute focal suppuration
in the brain substance
Cerebrum or cerebellum
25% mortality
General: usually none
Specific: mass effects
Signs pyrexia (50%), focal
signs, papilloedema
Aerobes -
cephalosporin
Anaerobes –
metronidazole +
dexamethasone +/-
anti-fungal
? Surgery to reduce
pressure
Encephalitis
Bacterial: secondary
to meningitis
Viral: Herpes simplex,
rabies
Inflammation of the brain
substance
Ill (fever, headache,
malaise)
Mostly due to herpes
simplex so use
acyclovir I.V.
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