PSYCH 3CD3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: 3 Women, Dispositional Attribution, Stereotype
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9 Jan 2015
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Stereotypes which are cognitive aspect (unfair generalization applied to group and its
members)
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Prejudice is an affect based state (emotional state associated with the group…love/hate
prejudice)
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Discrimination is biased behaviour associated with some group
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3 Factors that fundamental to Intergroup Relations
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Where do they come from? Why do we use them? What are they about?
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They are not all that accurate…they aren't that helpful so where do they begin?
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STEREOTYPES
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Natural consequence of our cognitive system setup
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Categories by nature include information and that information of HUMANS includes
stereotypes
Categorization is so innate…natural (6 month babies do it)
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We all do it, it takes MENTAL effort to STOP USING STEREOTYPES
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We tend to PUT more information for categories WE DON'T belong to, for navigating
through said category!
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White Person is more like a COP, and Black Person is more like a CRIMINAL
(generalization)
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WHY do we stereotype?
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Recorded discussion between 3 women and 3 men, pre-rated in attractiveness,
ideas are pretested
Variation 1: Told to categorise ideas by gender, who said what
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Variation 2: Told to just listen
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Subjects shown images of the faces while listening to recording and
POP Quiz: "Guess Who said it!"
Subjects were able to get gender correct but not the speaker for both genders!
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Result: NO matter which variation…people made the same mistake!
IV made no difference in this experiment!
Taylor Et Al
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Research Evidence that CATEGORIZATION is INNATE
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Limited cognitive capacity
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One thing humans are good at is to avoid thinking deeply about everything!
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Categorization SIMPLIFIES most things
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Stereotypes are BASICALLY cognitive SHORTCUTS
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WHY do we categorize?
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Salience is the most important thing!
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We notice it first if its most salient, PRIMITIVE Categories are RACE, AGE, GENDER
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THEN we have Helpful Categories (specifically what WE find or think would be helpful)
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SALIENCE is Target - Dependant
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How easily a certain category is brought to mind
Experience, Personal Reasons dependent
Category Accessibility is person who is doing the categorization dependant
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WHICH categories?
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Makes categories more salient or not
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"Workman's Club Image" - 2 women, and 1 Boy (gender and age category becomes more
salient)
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Social Context
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Stereotyping cannot hurt furniture, harm happens with people because no two people are the
same.
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Self-Fulfilling Prophecy is the KEY PLAYER IN FORCING STEREOTYPES!
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Lecture 2
December-22-14
10:47
Psych 3CD3 Page 1