PHYS 1041 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Transverse Wave, International System Of Units, Longitudinal Wave

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11 Mar 2014

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Important variables for waves: a = amplitude, the maximum value of wave disturbance away from the equilibrium position (si units of meters) %100 where a and b are two measured values. = wavelength v= speed of wave f=frequency all related by the equation v = lf l. The equation for harmonics with two fixed strings is number of harmonics. l l l. The equation for harmonics with two fixed strings is the number of harmonics. l lml = Resonance happens when a standing wave situation occurs. The speed of sound changes with air temperature and can be calculated as following: v m/s, where tc is equal to the temperature in celsius. The farther you are from a sound, the more diluted (less intense) it will be when it reaches you. The intensity of sound can be calculated when, A=area of the surface of the sound"s sphere when it hits you, equal to 4 r2.

Related Questions

Good Vibes: Introduction to Oscillations

The conditions that lead to simple harmonic motion are as follows:

There must be a position of stable equilibrium.

There must be a restoring force acting on the oscillating object. The direction of this force must always point toward the equilibrium, and its magnitude must be directly proportional to the magnitude of the object's displacement from its equilibrium position. Mathematically, the restoring force F⃗ is given by ⃗, where is the displacement from equilibrium and k is a constant that depends on the properties of the oscillating system.

The resistive forces in the system must be reasonably small.

Consider a block of mass m attached to a spring with force constant k, as shown in the figure(Figure 1) . The spring can be either stretched or compressed. The block slides on a frictionless horizontal surface, as shown. When the spring is relaxed, the block is located at x=0. If the block is pulled to the right a distance A and then released, A will be the amplitude of the resulting oscillations.

Assume that the mechanical energy of the block-spring system remains unchanged in the subsequent motion of the block.

Part A

After the block is released from x=A, it will

(a) remain at rest

(b) move to the left until it reaches equilibrium and stop there.

(d) move to the left until it reaches x=−A and then begin to move to the right.

The time it takes the block to complete one cycle is called the period. Usually, the period is denoted T and is measured in seconds.

The frequency, denoted f, is the number of cycles that are completed per unit of time: f=1/T. In SI units, f is measured in inverse seconds, or hertz (Hz).

Part B

If the period is doubled, the frequency is

(a) unchanged

(b) doubled

Part C

An oscillating object takes 0.10 s to complete one cycle; that is, its period is 0.10 s. What is its frequency f?

Express your answer in hertz.

Part D

If the frequency is 40 Hz, what is the period T?

Express your answer in seconds.

The following questions refer to the figure (Figure 2) that graphically depicts the oscillations of the block on the spring.

Note that the vertical axis represents the x-coordinate of the oscillating object, and the horizontal axis represents time.

Part E

Which points on the x-axis are located at a distance A from the equilibrium position?

(a) R only

(b) Q only

Part F

Suppose that the period is T. Which of the following points on the t-axis are separated by the time interval T?

(a) K and L

(b) K and M

(d) L and N

(e) M and P

Now assume for the remaining Parts G - J, that the x coordinate of point R is 0.12 m and the t coordinate of point K is 0.0050 s.

Part G

What is the period T?

Express your answer in seconds.

Part H

How much time t does the block take to travel from the point of maximum displacement to the opposite point of maximum displacement?

Express your answer in seconds.

Part I

What distance d does the object cover during one period of oscillation?

Express your answer in meters.

Part J

What distance d does the object cover between the moments labeled K and N on the graph?

Express your answer in meters.

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PHYS 1041 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Transverse Wave, International System Of Units, Longitudinal Wave

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