BIOL 1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Cell Signaling, Chlorophyll, Proteoglycan
29 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Mitochondria and chloroplasts: can grow and divide, contain dna encoding essential polypeptides. Not completely autonomous as they must import materials from other parts of the cell: example: most mitochondria proteins imported. Mitochondria supply cells with most of their atp. Mitochondrion: similar in size to bacteria. Cell may contain a few hundred to a few thousand mitochondria; cells with particularly heavy energy demands: muscle cells have more. Outer membrane and an inner membrane separated by a region called the intermembrane. Invagination increases surface area of inner membrane site which atp is made: compartment inside inner membrane is the mitochondrial matrix, separate compartments are essential for mitochondrial functions. Primary role is to convert the chemical energy stored within the covalent bonds of the food animals eat or the carbohydrates that plants make into a form that can be readily used by cells; atp.
