BIOL 1002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Phospholipid, Chymotrypsin, Venomous Snake

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emeraldseal479

16 Aug 2019

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Food taken in, taken apart, and taken up is the process of animal nutrition. Omnivores regularly consume animals as well as plants or algae. An animal"s diet must supply chemical energy, organic molecules, and essential. Four classes of essential nutrients: essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Animals require 20 amino acids and can synthesize about half from molecules in their diet. Remaining amino acids, the essential amino acids, must be obtained from food in pre- assembled form. Meat, eggs, and cheese provide all essential amino acids and thus complete proteins. Most plant proteins incomplete in amino acid composition. Some animals have adaptions that help them when their bodies demand extraordinary amounts of protein. Animals can synthesize most of the fatty acids they need. Essential fatty acids must be obtained from their diet. Include certain unsaturated fatty acids (fatty acids with one or more double bonds) Vitamins are organic molecules required in the diet in small amounts.

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Microbiology Unit 2 Applied and Environmental Assignment Part 1:

Identify Nutritional requirements from Chapter 6 & 14 (and review from chapters 1 & 2)

1. Determine which of the 4 macromolecules require the following elements:

a. Carbon: carbohydrates___ lipids___ proteins___ nucleic acids___

b. Nitrogen: carbohydrates___ lipids___ proteins___ nucleic acids___

c. Sulfur: carbohydrates___ lipids___ proteins___ nucleic acids___

2. The essential elements mentioned above are cycled through cells and the earth in biogeochemical cycles like the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the sulfur cycle. Select the correct answer and fill in the blanks to summarize these cycles:

a. Carbon dioxide is taken in from the atmosphere by [autotrophs/heterotrophs] and converted to glucose through carbon ________________. When heterotrophs eat autotrophs they catabolize glucose to make ATP through __________________ and waste carbon is released as ___________.

b. There is plenty of nitrogen available in the atmosphere but it is not accessible to organisms because it is in the form of Nitrogen gas (N2). N2 is fixed by [bacteria/plants/animals] and converted to ammonia (NH3.) NH3 can be used by [bacteria/plants/animals] to build their cells. Next, by consuming food with amino acids, [bacteria/plants/animals] can get access to nitrogen for their own cellular needs.

c. There is also a good quantity of sulfur in dirt, rocks, and the atmosphere. Sulfur cycles between H2S => S0 => SO4 => SH groups in Proteins => back to H2S. Using _________________ respiration, anoxygenic photosynthesis, and chemolithoautotrophy [bacteria/plants/animals] convert H2S and S0 to SO4 which is taken in by [bacteria/plants/animals] and used to build their cells. When [bacteria/plants/animals] eat plants they take in essential amino acids containing sulfur and recycle these to make their own proteins.

d. _________________ break down waste and dead organisms and recycle nutrients back into the cycles.

*The C and N are summarized here: https://youtu.be/2D7hZpIYlCA and https://youtu.be/leHy-Y_8nRs

3. Identify the main metabolic classifications:

A microbe that makes its own food by taking carbon from CO₂ in the atmosphere and its energy from sunlight
A microbe that makes its own food by taking carbon from CO₂ in the atmosphere and its energy from reduced inorganic chemicals
A microbe that eats other organisms to get organic carbon and energy
A microbe that uses organic carbon from others but energy from sunlight

Please help me with my microbiology assignment.

orchidherring991

Microbiology Unit 2 Applied and Environmental Assignment Part 1: Identify Nutritional requirements from Chapter 6&14 (and review from chapters 1 & 2) 1. Determine which of the 4 macromolecules require the following elements: a. Carbon: carbohydrates___ lipids___ proteins___ nucleic acids___ b. Nitrogen: carbohydrates___ lipids___ proteins___ nucleic acids___ c. Sulfur: carbohydrates___ lipids___ proteins___ nucleic acids___ 2. The essential elements mentioned above are cycled through cells and the earth in biogeochemical cycles (the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles.)Select the correct answer or fill in the blanks to summarize these cycles: a. Carbon dioxide is taken in from the atmosphere by [autotrophs/heterotrophs] and converted to glucose through carbon ________________. When heterotrophs eat autotrophs they use catabolism to break down glucose to make ATP and waste carbon is released as ___________. b. There is plenty of nitrogen available in the atmosphere but it is not accessible to organisms because it is in the form of Nitrogen gas (N2). N2 is fixed by [bacteria/plants/animals] and converted to ammonia (NH3.) NH3 can be used by [bacteria/plants/animals] to build their cells. Next, by consuming food with amino acids,[bacteria/plants/animals] can get access to nitrogen for their own cellular needs. c. There is also a good quantity of sulfur in dirt, rocks, and the atmosphere. Sulfur cycles between H2S => S0 => SO4 => SH groups in Proteins => back to H2S.Using _________________ respiration, anoxygenic photosynthesis, and chemolithoautotrophy [bacteria/plants/animals]convert H2S and S0 to SO4 which is taken in by [bacteria/plants/animals] and used to build their cells. When [bacteria/plants/animals]eat plants they take in essential amino acids containing sulfur and recycle these to make their proteins. d. _________________ break down waste and dead organisms and recycle nutrients back into the cycles. *The C and N are summarized here: https://youtu.be/2D7hZpIYlCA and https://youtu.be/leHy-Y_8nRs 3. Match the main metabolic classifications to the description: Classifications: photoautotroph/ photoheterotroph/ chemoautotroph/ chemoheterotroph o A microbe that makes its own food by taking carbon from CO2 in the atmosphere and its energy from sunlight o A microbe that makes its own food by taking carbon from CO2 in the atmosphere and its energy from reduced inorganic chemicals o A microbe that eats other organisms to get organic carbon and energy o A microbe that eats other organisms to get organic carbon but gets energy from sunlight 4. Identify the phases of the bacterial growth curve and define what occurs in each phase Phase A = ______________ Definition: Phase B = ______________ Definition: Phase C = ______________ Definition: Phase D = ______________ Definition: Part 2: Unique ecosystems containing microbes 5. Watch the video that shows hydrothermal vents: https://youtu.be/RO3nO98gH_M a. Describe bacteria that live at the vents using terms from the unit 2 reading guide: ________________________________________________________________________ b. Write a 2-3 sentence reflection about hydrothermal vents and the contribution of microbes to this ecosystem: 6. Apply what you have learned to the TED-Ed video about Biofilms: https://youtu.be/pHLP5CZMnL4 a. Give the terms for cell structures mentioned in the video that we learned in Chapter 4 and 7: i. âsticky appendagesâ thatallows bacteria to attach and begin the biofilm: _______________ ii. Extracellular matrix/gooey matrix that holds cells together: ____________________________ iii. Exchange genetic information while packed together: ____________________________ iv. Communicate with each other by _________________________________________ sensing. v. Produce chemical to kill microbial competitors: ____________________________ factor.

BIOL 1002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Phospholipid, Chymotrypsin, Venomous Snake

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