PSYC 1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Motivation, Salk Institute For Biological Studies, Jonas Salk

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Module 54: what do we mean by intelligence
Intelligence: the ability to learn, to meet the demands of the environment effectively, and to
understand and control one’s mental activities
Metacognition: the ability to understand and control one’s mental activities
Factor analysis: a statistical method for determining whether certain items on a test correlate
highly thus forming a unified set, or cluster, of item.
G factor: the general factor: a theoretical general factor of intelligence underlying all distinct
clusters of mental ability part of spearman’s two-factor theory of intelligence
S factor: a theoretical specific factors unique tied to a distinct mental ability or area of
functioning; part of spearman’s two-factor theory of intelligence. Specific factor tied to a specific
area of functioning
Spearman: factor analysis, mathematical procedure for determining correlations among many
items.
theory of multiple intelligences- there is no single, unified intelligence, but instead independent
intelligence arising from different portions of the brain.
Primary mental abilities: seven distinct mental abilities identified by Thurston as the basic
components of intelligence.
Theory of multiple intelligence: theory that there is no single, unified intelligence but instead
several independent intelligences arising from different portions of the brain.
Robert Sternberg:
Triarchic theory of intelligence: Sternberg’s theory that intelligence is made up of three
interacting compounds: internal, external and experiential compounds
1. internal (analytical) intelligence.
- Most related to mental abilities tested in traditional IQ test.
- Ability to mentally manage information (for day to day problems)
2. External (creative)- intelligence (more later)
3. Experiential (practical) intelligence
- When confronted with new challenges
- Help us to adapt to (or change) our environment
Bioecological model of intelligence: ceci’s theory that intelligence is a functions of the
interactions among innate potential abilities, environment context and internal motivation.
Module 55: additional types of intelligence
Emotional intelligence: an individual’s ability to perceive, express, assimilate and regular
emotion.
Possess empathy and emotional control
Social intelligence: ability to function in social settings
Possess ability to get along will in relationships, school and work
- Conversations skills
- Knowledge of social roles, rules and scripts
- Listening skills
- Understanding other people’s motivations and emotions
Additional forms of intelligence
wisdom: ability to make spend judgements, like practical intelligence (Sternberg). Usually
improves with age (but not always)
Creativity: the ability to produce ideas that are both original and valuable.
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Document Summary

Module 54: what do we mean by intelligence. Intelligence: the ability to learn, to meet the demands of the environment effectively, and to understand and control one"s mental activities. Metacognition: the ability to understand and control one"s mental activities. Factor analysis: a statistical method for determining whether certain items on a test correlate highly thus forming a unified set, or cluster, of item. G factor: the general factor: a theoretical general factor of intelligence underlying all distinct clusters of mental ability part of spearman"s two-factor theory of intelligence. S factor: a theoretical specific factors unique tied to a distinct mental ability or area of functioning; part of spearman"s two-factor theory of intelligence. Specific factor tied to a specific area of functioning. Spearman: factor analysis, mathematical procedure for determining correlations among many items. theory of multiple intelligences- there is no single, unified intelligence, but instead independent intelligence arising from different portions of the brain.

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