BIOL 102 Lecture Notes - Growth Factor, Sarcoma, Oncogene

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peachcrocodile136

29 Jan 2014

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Mutation heritable change in the genetic material (order of dna bases is changed permanently) Sickle cell anemia mutation in beta-globin gene which encodes polypeptide subunit that make up hemoglobin (common case: missense mutation alters the polypeptide sequence so 6th amino acid is changed from hydrophilic glutamic acid to hydrophobic valine. Except for silent mutations, new mutations are more likely to produce polypeptides that have reduced rather than enhanced function. This mispairing can cause gaps or incorporate incorrect bases. Ames test testing method (developed by bruce ames in 1970"s) that can identify whether or not an agent is a mutagen. Dna damage (i. e. uv induced, chemically modified bases, missing bases, cross-linkage etc. ) In e. coli, the ner system is composed of 4 key proteins: uvra, uvrb, uvrc and uvrd (uvr comes from the fact that they are involved in ultraviolet light repair) Cells that progress through this point are committed to enter s phase, where dna synthesis and replication will occur.

Related Questions

1. An occurrence of a gene made larger by trinucleotide repeats is:

Allelic expansion

Nucleotide expansion

Translocation mutation

Transformation

2. a chemical that can damage and/or change DNA is called a/an:

Allele

Endonuclease

Vector

Mutagen

3. An occurrence when a section of a chromosome relocates itself to an entirely different (non-homologous) chromosome is called a/an:

Inversion mutation

Translocation mutation

Transformation mutation

Duplication mutation

4. The tandem repeat in the sequence GGGAAGGGAAGGGAAGGGAAGGGAAG is:

GGA

GGGAA

GGAAG

GGAAGGG

A disease characterized by abnormally shaped hemoglobin is called:

Cystic Fibrosis

Sickle Cell Anemia

Marfan Syndrome

Leukemia

5. A point mutation that causes a substitution of a stop codon with an amino acid and leads to the formation of a longer protein is a:

Nonsense mutation

Missense mutation

Sense mutation

Frameshift mutation

6. Addition or deletion of nucleotides in a DNA sequence is known as a:

Nonsense mutation

Missense mutation

Sense mutation

Frameshift mutation

7. The least severe type of chromosomal mutation is:

Point

Frameshift

Inversion

Translocation

8. Chemicals inserting themselves into DNA can cause a:

Missense mutation

Nonsense mutation

Sense mutation

Frameshift mutation

9. A genetic condition caused by allelic expansion is:

Familial hypercholesterolemia

Fragile X syndrome

Alkaptonuria

Galactosemia

10. Which of the following is most likely the original DNA strand if the mutated DNA strand is ATAGUUGATGUA ?

ATAGAAGATGAA

ATAGCCGATGCA

ATAGGGGATGGA

ATAGTTGATGTA

11. An unbalanced chromosomal mutation would include a/an:

duplication (insertion)

inversion

translocation

denaturation

12. Many translocation mutations are found to be involved with:

cancers

sickle cell anemia

Huntington disease

cystic fibrosis

13. A common repeat throughout the human genome that is approximately 300 bases in length is called a/an:

EcoRI repeat

Hind repeat

Exo repeat

Alu repeat

14. A balanced chromosomal mutation includes:

imprintation

denaturation

inversion

deletion

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BIOL 102 Lecture Notes - Growth Factor, Sarcoma, Oncogene

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