BIOL 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Human Genome Project, Noncoding Dna, Metagenomics
Document Summary
Exam: half of each half of the semester, 120 questions all multiple choice. Look at multiple choice at the end of chapters. Human genome project: faster less expensive sequencing techniques. Genomes vary in size, number of genes and gene density. Multicellular eukaryotes have much noncoding dna and many multigene families. Comparison of genomes provide information about evolutionary history of genes and taxonomic groups. Metagenomes: dna from a group of species collected from environmental species and sequenced. Animals often rely on symbiotic organisms to break down cellulose and some animals have acquired cellulose genes by horizontal gene transfer from protist symbionts. There is no systematic relationship between genome size and phenotype. Vertebrate genomes produce more than one polypeptide per gene because of alternative splicing in transcription. Humans/mammals have the lowest gene density in a given length of dna. Multicellular eukaryotes have many introns with genes and noncoding dna between genes.