BIOL 205 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Small Nuclear Rna, Alternative Splicing, Transfer Rna

• School: Queen's University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 205
• Professor: Ian Chin- Sang

Document Summary

Small functional rna that regulate and protect the eukaryotic genome. Although we have only 21,000 genes, these genes encode more than 100,000 proteins due to alternative splicing of rna. Only a small fraction of the genome actually encodes for protein (~2%) Most of the genome encodes rna, but non-protein-coding rna (ncrnas) Pulse -> incubate cells with radioactive uracil. Chase -> after some time, incubate with non-radioactive uracil. Rna is first made in the nucleus and then moves to the cytoplasm. The rna sugar contains a hydroxyl (oh) group at the 2" carbon. Rna is usually a single stranded nucleotide chain. Pyrimidine base uracil is present instead of thymine. Rna can catalyze biological reactions - ribozyme (how we get termination point) Adenine (phosphate group, ribose sugar, adenine (double ring)) Guanine (phosphate group, ribose sugar, guanine (double ring)) Cytosine (phosphate group, ribose sugar, cytosine (single ring)) Uracil (phosphate group, ribose sugar, uracil (single ring))