BIOL 205 Lecture Notes - Anthocyanin, Arginine, Ornithine
27 Sep 2013
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Document Summary
The signal activates a cascade that activates a regulatory protein that turns transcription on or off: developmental pathways processes controlled by genes that promote the growth and differentiation of the body of an organism. The known mutants of a gene are referred to as multiple alleles or an allelic series. A fully dominant allele will be expressed when only one copy is present i. e. heterozygote: ex. The p wild type allele in pah is haplosufficient, thus the person doesn"t have. In fully dominant mutations, the wild-type allele of a gene is haploinsufficient, where one wild- type does isn"t enough to achieve normal levels of function. In null mutations, a non-functional protein is produced. Dominant negative mutations act as spoilers" where the gene product is a unit of a homodimeric protein, a protein composed of 2 units of the same type. In the heterozygote (+/m), the spoiler binds to the wild-type polypeptide and distorts it or interferes with its function.
